Irans interest in nuclear technology dates to the 1950s, when the shah of iran received technical assistance under the u. For more detailed information about iran s nuclear program, see crs report rl34544, iran s nuclear program. Facilities declared under irans safeguards agreement 6. Iran tried to acquire technology that could be used for a military nuclear program, calling into question whether it is living up to an international agreement intended to curb such an effort. Verification and monitoring in the islamic republic of. Dilemmas, responses and the future 1 the iranian nuclear issue and security in the persian gulf have long been high on the united nations peace and security agenda. Mossad discovered iranian nuclear archive in 2016 and smuggled it to israel in january, official says. The report concludes that iran is not implementing a number of its obligations and that iran is not providing the necessary cooperation to enable the agency to provide credible assurance about the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities in iran, and therefore to conclude that all nuclear material in iran is in peaceful activities. Iran lacks adequate deposits of natural uranium to be self sufficient for civil nuclear power. Mossad discovered iranian nuclear archive in 2016 and. Shiite tradition permits deception and dissimulation in matters of life and death, and when such tactics serve the interests of the islamic umma community.
The sanctions took a toll on the country and its people. Pdf we wrote this report in 2011 at a time when the issues surrounding the islamic republic of irans nuclear program appeared to have. The 2007 national intelligence estimate on iran s nuclear intentions and capabilities 1 iran s nuclear program in 2000 iran ratified the nuclear nonproliferation treaty npt in 1968, and negotiated a safeguards agreement with the international atomic energy agency iaea in 1974. Questioning irans pursuit of the nuclear fuel cycle. China but failed to report the purchase to the iaea, a requirement under its. It is the third of a three part series on iranian nuclear programs and longrange missiles. This report by the director general to the board of governors, in line with the roadmap for the clarification of past and present outstanding issues regarding irans nuclear programme. Iran made a commitment to full use of nuclear power in 1970. The 2007 national intelligence estimate on irans nuclear intentions and capabilities e mission of the center for the study of intelligence csi is to stimulate within cia and the intelligence community the constructive discussion of important issues of the day, to expand knowledge of lessons learned from. Irans nuclear programme is expected to be an active issue on the councils june calendar. Such considerations have almost certainly shaped irans nuclear diplomacy, though it should be kept in. Constraining irans future nuclear capabilities brookings institution. Nuclear report iran has a nuclear power, ber of the. For over 40 years their malign behavior and support for terrorist proxies has spread uncurbed.
This report details a large number of violations of the joint comprehensive plan of action jcpoa and possibly irans comprehensive safeguards agreement. This research is aimed at obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the nuclear issue and its linkage to regional security. Irans nuclear programme report by the director general a. The implementation of the jcpoa, informally known as the 2015 iran nuclear deal, has placed even more resources and money at the regimes disposal, furthering the. Mossad agents smuggled the documents from a dilapidated warehouse back to israel in a onenight operation, ny times reports mossad chief informed trump of. This report looks at the background of irans nuclear policy. Economic sanctions and the authority to lift restrictions, by dianne e. In addition, the chair of the 1737 sanctions committee on iran is expected to brief the council in june. Under the terms of irans safeguards agreement, iran was under no obligation to report the existence of the site while it was still under construction since it was not within the 180day time limit specified by the safeguards agreement. This national intelligence estimate nie assesses the status of irans nuclear program, and the programs outlook over the next 10 years. This time frame is more appropriate for estimating capabilities than intentions and foreign reactions, which are more difficult to estimate over a decade.
Irans supply of other energy resources far from depleted. This report provides a brief overview of iran s nuclear program and describes the legal basis for the actions taken by the iaea board and the security council. The implementation of the jcpoa, informally known as the 2015 iran nuclear deal, has placed even more resources and money at the regimes disposal, furthering the reach and aggression of their malign activities. Institute for science and international security april 25, 2019. In addition, according to a 1976 state department cable, iran engaged in uranium exploration in iran and other.
Irans nuclear program council on foreign relations. For more detailed information about irans nuclear program, see crs report rl34544, irans nuclear program. This report examines irans military strategy and goals, the organizations structure and capability of the military that supports those goals, as well as the enabling infrastructure and. Implementation of the npt safeguards agreement and. Nuclear fatwa the washington institute for near east policy. Irans use of cyberenabled economic warfare page 8 february 2014 attack against las vegas sands corporation14 20142015, thamar reservoir cyber espionage and infiltration against middle eastern university. The iaea report comes at a time of an unprecedented public debate in israel over whether the country should take military action to try to prevent iran developing a nuclear weapon, amid reports. Agency iaea reports, iran conducted experiments during the 1980s. Irans nuclear activities the report has drawn on all iaea reports since 2003 the year in which irans clandestine nuclear program was placed under the spotlight following the revelation of secret sites at natanz and arak by the national council of resistance of iran in 2002, on. The iranian nuclear programme henry jackson society. News about irans nuclear program, including commentary and archival articles published in the new york times.
The 6 march session of the board of governors of the international atomic energy agency iaea and the iaea report on the implementation by iran of its nonproliferation treatys safeguards agreement will be the trigger for the council to take up the iran issue. The 2007 nie on irans nuclear intentions and capabilities. In september 2005, the iaea board of governors expressed an absence of confidence pdf that irans nuclear program is exclusively for peaceful purposes. On november 11, 2019, the international atomic energy agency iaea released its latest safeguards report on the verification and monitoring of the iran nuclear deal in light of united nations security council resolution 2231 2015. Donald trumps election in november 2016 made matters far worse.
Foreign policy at brookings arms control and nonproliferation series iii 123 agreement an agreement for peaceful nuclear. While this assistance ended with the 1979 iranian revolution, iran remained interested in nuclear technology and developed an extensive nuclear fuel cycle, including sophisticated enrichment capabilities. See also crs report r43333, iran nuclear agreement and u. However, the report added that the agency remained unable to verify certain aspects relevant to the scope and nature of irans nuclear program. Iran will ship out all spent fuel for present and future power and research nuclear reactors for 15 years and has committed to rely on light water for future nuclear reactors. The iran nuclear archive the belfer center for science and. Anatomy of irans deception and how iran benefited irans nuclear archive confirms gchine uranium and yellowcake production plant were originally part of a clandestine nuclear weapons fuel cycle. This report provides a brief overview of irans nuclear program and describes the legal basis for the actions taken by the iaea board and the security council. An iaea report on irans compliance with previous council resolutions is also likely. State departments iran action group issued a 48page report entitled, outlaw regime.
Hide footnote this report examines the record in 2019, and outlines what will need to be done to both salvage the deal and avoid a regional escalation in 2020. The first covered the consequences of iranian use of nuclear weapons, and of a possible nuclear exchange between iran and israel or the gulf states. Nuclear physicists, military officials, nonproliferation experts, and more than 100 countries across the globe have all voiced their support for the iran nuclear deal because it is the best solution available to prevent iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon without taking. Nuclear report iran has a nuclear power, not a weapons program bushehr tehran a model of the bushehr nuclear power plant, exhibited in the iranian pavilion of expo 2010 in shanghai. Final assessment on past and present outstanding issues. The report focuses on those areas where iran has not fully implemented its binding obligations, as the full implementation of these obligations is needed to establish international confidence in the exclusively peaceful nature of irans nuclear programme. In august 2006, iran announced the inauguration of the arak plant for the production of heavy water. Economic pressure or military force cannot end irans nuclear program. The report also outlined a work plan agreed by iran and the iaea on 21 august 2007.
Irans nuclear archive shows it planned to build five nuclear weapons by mid2003. In 2011, the united states and other world powers implemented crippling financial sanctions on iran in response to the countrys enrichment of uranium and development of nuclear weapons. We want to reach a new agreement with iran that ensures its nuclear activities are peaceful and that its role in the. I am pleased to release the state departments new report detailing the scope of the iranian regimes destructive behavior at home and abroad on the eve of the islamic revolutions 40th anniversary. Iran had used or stored nuclear material andor conducted nuclearrelated activities, includingresearch and development activitiesrelated to thenuclear fuel cycle,at a location specified bythe agency. If you would like to learn more about the iaeas work, sign up for our weekly updates containing our most important news, multimedia and more. Evolving menace irans use of cyberenabled economic. Examining 10 warning signs of iran nuclear weapons. Iran insists its nuclear program is for energy, not a bomb. Status of irans nuclear programme in relation to the joint. Iranhadused or stored nuclear materialatanother location specified by the agency.